蓝牙基本功能实现（开启，扫描，配对，连接等）

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最近有在学习Android蓝牙模块功能，包括开启，扫描，配对，连接等，在这里记录下相关功能的实现。后续会再做蓝牙电话apk的实现及蓝牙相关源码的分享。

Android 蓝牙基本功能详解

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// 蓝牙所需要的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.location.gps" />
<uses-feature
    android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le"
    android:required="true" />
// 蓝牙搜索从5.0后需要的权限，在Andoid 6.0后 需要动态申请
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

设备是否支持蓝牙功能

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private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {
    Toast.makeText(this, "不支持蓝牙模块", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    return;
}

蓝牙的打开

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if (bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
    // 蓝牙已打开
} else {
    Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
    // 打开蓝牙的同时想设置让自己手机蓝牙多少秒可见可以使用，默认120s，最多300s
    intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);
    startActivity(intent);
}

蓝牙搜索

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// 判断是否有locatioin权限
if (!checkLocationPermission()) {
    return;
}
// 如果是在搜索的状态，则需要取消搜索
if (bluetoothadapter.isDiscovering()) {
    bluetoothadapter.cancelDiscovery();
}

// 搜索蓝牙
bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();

// 蓝牙设备广播接收者
private BroadcastReceiver deviceReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED.equals(action)) {
            Log.e(TAG,"开始搜索");

        } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {
            Log.e(TAG,"查找到设备完成");

        } else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
            String name = intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_NAME);
            if (name != null) {
                int rssi = intent.getExtras().getShort(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_RSSI);
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                MyBlueToothDevice myDevice = new MyBlueToothDevice(device, name, rssi);
                myBlueToothDevices.add(myDevice);
                Log.e("=====","搜索到设备: " + name);
            }

        } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
            int scanMode = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_SCAN_MODE,0);
            if (scanMode == BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE) {
                Log.e(TAG,"设备可见监听");
            } else {
                Log.e(TAG,"设备不可见监听");
            }

        } else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
            BluetoothDevice remoteDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
            if (remoteDevice == null) {
                Log.e(TAG,"没有绑定设备");
                return;
            }

            int status = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE,0);
            if (status == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
                Log.e(TAG,"绑定设备完成: " + remoteDevice.getName());
            } else if (status == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {
                Log.e(TAG,"绑定设备中: " + remoteDevice.getName());
            } else if (status == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {
                Log.e(TAG,"取消绑定: ");
            }
        } else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
            isBluetoothConnected = true;
            changeBluetoothStatus();
            Log.e(TAG,"已经连接上");
        } else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
            Log.e(TAG,"断开连接");
            isBluetoothConnected = false;
            changeBluetoothStatus();
        }
    }
};

// 蓝牙状态广播接收者
private BroadcastReceiver statusReceiver  = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        int status = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, -1);
        switch (status) {
            case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF:
                Log.e(TAG, "蓝牙已关闭");
                break;
            case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON:
                Log.e(TAG, "蓝牙已打开");
                startDiscovery();
                break;
            case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_OFF:
                Log.e(TAG, "蓝牙关闭中...");
                break;
            case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_ON:
                Log.e(TAG, "蓝牙打开中...");
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
};

// 注册广播
IntentFilter deviceIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();
deviceIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
deviceIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);
deviceIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
deviceIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
deviceIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);
deviceIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
deviceIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED);
deviceIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED);
registerReceiver(deviceReceiver, deviceIntentFilter);

IntentFilter stateIntentFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
registerReceiver(statusReceiver, stateIntentFilter);

// 取消注册广播
unregisterReceiver(deviceReceiver);
unregisterReceiver(statusReceiver);

蓝牙连接

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// device: BluetoothDevice
boolean bond = device.createBond();

蓝牙断开连接

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// device: BluetoothDevice
Method method = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("removeBond");
method.invoke(device);

获取本地蓝牙属性

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// 本地蓝牙名称
String name = bluetoothadapter.getName();
// 本地蓝牙地址
String address = bluetoothadapter.getAddress();

获取已绑定设备列表

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bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices()

判断是否已连接蓝牙设备

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public static boolean isConnected() {
    BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    try {
        Method getConnectionState = adapter.getClass().getMethod("getConnectionState");
        int state = (int) getConnectionState.invoke(adapter);
        Log.e(TAG, "isConnected: " + (state == STATE_CONNECTED));
        return state == STATE_CONNECTED;
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return false;
}

获取已连接蓝牙设备

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public static BluetoothDevice getConnectedDevice() {
    if (!isConnected()) {
        return null;
    }

    BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = adapter.getBondedDevices();

    try {
        Method isConnectedMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("isConnected");
        for (BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {
            boolean isConnected = (boolean) isConnectedMethod.invoke(device);
            if (isConnected) {
                return device;
            }
        }
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return null;
}